Cobbler Install CentOS实现

1) 安装工具
[root@srv ~]# yum install epel-release -y

[root@srv ~]# sed -i -e "s/enabled=1/enabled=0/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

[root@srv ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp \
tftp-server pykickstart httpd rsync xinetd -y

2) 配置cobbler服务
[root@srv ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
......
......
# 242行，定义使用Cobbler DHCP服务
manage_dhcp: 1
......
......
# 修改278行，定义tftp_server所在的IP
next_server: 192.168.1.11
......
......
# 修改390行，定义Cobbler Server所监听的IP
server: 192.168.1.11

3) 开启相关服务
[root@srv ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@srv ~]# systemctl enable --now cobblerd

4) 设定部署机器的root密码
# -1的参数为阿拉伯数字1,不是L
# 指令格式为: openssl passwd -1 -salt "密码" "确认密码"
[root@srv ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "123456" "123456"
# 赋值输出的密码
$1$123456$wOSEtcyiP2N/IfIl15W6Z0

[root@srv ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
......
......
# 修改101行，修改密码字段为所生成的密码
default_password_crypted: "$1$123456$wOSEtcyiP2N/IfIl15W6Z0"
......
......

[root@srv ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

5) 启动rsync服务
[root@srv ~]# systemctl enable --now rsyncd

6) 配置tftp服务
[root@srv ~]# /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

[root@srv ~]# systemctl enable --now xinetd

7) 配置coobler dhcp服务
[root@srv ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
......
......
# 修改dhcp中的subnet、routers、domain-name-servers、dynamic-bootp字段改为自己所需的配置
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             192.168.1.1;
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.10;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.1.250 192.168.1.253;
......
......

8) 同步coobler服务相关配置
[root@srv ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2021-05-29_145513_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sat May 29 14:55:13 2021)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.0
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 -> /var/lib/tftpboot/menu.c32
trying hardlink /usr/share/syslinux/memdisk -> /var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

[root@srv ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd

1) 挂载iso作为镜像的源
[root@srv ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@srv ~]# mount ./CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-2009.iso /mnt/cdrom
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

2) 导入镜像
[root@srv ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/cdrom --name=CentOS79
task started: 2021-05-29_150622_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Sat May 29 15:06:22 2021)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79:
creating new distro: CentOS79-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/CentOS79-x86_64
creating new profile: CentOS79-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79 for CentOS79-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

3) 列示镜像
[root@srv ~]# # cobbler list
distros:
   CentOS79-x86_64

profiles:
   CentOS79-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

4) 重启cobblerd服务并同步
[root@srv ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd

[root@srv ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2021-05-29_150832_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sat May 29 15:08:32 2021)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS79-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS79-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: CentOS79-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS79-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/CentOS79-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: CentOS79-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS79-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/CentOS79-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for CentOS79-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: CentOS79-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

6) 验证Web是否可以正常访问
[浏览器]---http://192.168.1.11/cobbler/ks_mirror/


5) 带有pxe的客户端测试

1) 访问Cobbler Web
[浏览器]===>https://$Cobbler-Server/cobbler_web

账户名:cobbler
密码:cobbler

2) 修改Cobbler Web访问账户
[root@srv ~]# cd /etc/cobbler
[root@srv cobbler]# mv users.digest users.digest.bak

# 定义访问账户为snow
[root@srv1 cobbler]# htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler snow
Adding password for snow in realm Cobbler.
New password:     # 设定密码
Re-type new password: 

1) 为root账户设定密码
[root@srv ~]# python -c 'import crypt,getpass; print(crypt.crypt(getpass.getpass(), crypt.mksalt(crypt.METHOD_SHA512)))'
Password: 
$6$4tCH/1ulw.7qp3Zk$axtsbfd7Guvv6ck7JjBXRzGhUN96Nn.dlESSKW6oEkXK3ydIbl8mhoLRb8MtdWiWW.Cpgz1c2sRSZbxNhGDrY/

2) 创建kickstar应答文件
[root@srv ~]# cd /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
[root@srv kickstarts]# vim CentOS79.ks
install
# 自动执行所有步骤
autostep
# 安装完成后重启
reboot
# 加密算法
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
# 安装源
url --url="http://192.168.1.11/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS79/"
# 安装的硬盘
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
# 定义键盘类型
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
# 定义本地语言及字符集编码
lang zh_CN.UTF-8
# 定义网络类型及主机名
network --bootproto=dhcp --ipv6=auto --activate --hostname=localhost
# 定义root账户的密码
rootpw --iscrypted $6$4tCH/1ulw.7qp3Zk$axtsbfd7Guvv6ck7JjBXRzGhUN96Nn.dlESSKW6oEkXK3ydIbl8mhoLRb8MtdWiWW.Cpgz1c2sRSZbxNhGDrY/
# 加载服务启动项--chronyd服务
services --enabled="chronyd"
# 定义时区,并设定ntp server
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --ntpservers=1.cn.pool.ntp.org,2.cn.pool.ntp.org
# 系统引导方式
bootloader --append=" crashkernel=auto" --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda
# 初始化所有的分区信息
clearpart --none --initlabel
# 磁盘分区的划分及名称分配(40G硬盘)
part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=1024
part pv.307 --fstype="lvmpv" --ondisk=sda --size=39935
volgroup c7_base --pesize=4096 pv.307
logvol swap  --fstype="swap" --size=1024 --name=swap --vgname=c7_base
logvol /  --fstype="ext4" --size=38907 --name=root --vgname=c7_base

# 所要安装的软件包
%packages
@^infrastructure-server-environment
@base
@core
chrony
kexec-tools

%end

3) 查看默认的ks
# Cobbler中Profile默认使用的ks为/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
[root@srv kickstarts]# cobbler profile report | grep "Kickstart" | head -1
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks

4) 修改关联的ks
[root@srv kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS79-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS79.ks

[root@srv kickstarts]# cobbler profile report | grep "Kickstart" | head -1
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS79.ks

[root@srv kickstarts]# systemctl restart cobblerd
5) 测试