实现Buildah

本章实验中设备不需要docker存在，但需要一个SSL的私有仓库。请另行建立

1.1 安装及使用Buildah

[root@srv ~]# yum install buildah -y

1.2 构建镜像

1) 从centos中构建镜像 [root@srv ~]# buildah from centos Getting image source signatures Copying blob 8a29a15cefae done Copying config 470671670c done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures centos-working-container 2) 显示当前的容器 [root@srv ~]# buildah containers CONTAINER ID BUILDER IMAGE ID IMAGE NAME CONTAINER NAME fa836e542e63 * 470671670cac docker.io/library/centos:latest centos-working-container 3) 使用scratch创建一个空的容器 [root@srv ~]# buildah from scratch working-container [root@srv ~]# buildah containers CONTAINER ID BUILDER IMAGE ID IMAGE NAME CONTAINER NAME fa836e542e63 * 470671670cac docker.io/library/centos:latest centos-working-container e7095a502b94 * scratch working-container # 使用scratch创建的空容器是没有镜像的,所以无法再镜像列表中显示出来 [root@srv ~]# buildah images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/library/centos latest 470671670cac 4 weeks ago 245 MB

1.3 容器操作

1) 运行容器的指令 [root@srv ~]# buildah containers CONTAINER ID BUILDER IMAGE ID IMAGE NAME CONTAINER NAME fa836e542e63 * 470671670cac docker.io/library/centos:latest centos-working-container e7095a502b94 * scratch working-container [root@srv ~]# buildah run fa83 echo "Hello 1000cc" Hello 1000cc 2) 进入容器并操作 [root@srv ~]# buildah run fa83 bash [root@fa836e542e63 /]# [root@fa836e542e63 /]# yum install ruby -y [root@fa836e542e63 /]# exit exit [root@srv ~]# buildah run fa83 whereis ruby ruby: /usr/bin/ruby /usr/lib64/ruby /usr/share/ruby /usr/share/man/man1/ruby.1.gz

1.4 复制文件到容器

[root@srv ~]# echo "1000cc.net" > test.txt [root@srv ~]# buildah copy fa83 test.txt /tmp/test.txt fa40aa48b5b3e1f9a46f2c3547ce0b1f8691780a49f6a43e20000fae967c3d9c [root@srv ~]# buildah run fa83 cat /tmp/test.txt 1000cc.net

1.5 编辑并设置容器

[root@srv ~]# buildah config --author='snow chuai' d6fc # 查看当前配置 ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... [root@srv ~]# buildah inspect d6fc ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... }, { "created": "2020-02-15T08:25:08.168768644Z", "author": "snow chuai" } ] } # 查看更多的buildah配置 [root@srv ~]# buildah config -h ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......

1.6 挂载容器到当前系统

[root@srv ~]# buildah mount d6fc /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/fd247188145......bd65c53b04fae7e9ce019/merged [root@srv ~]# ll /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/fd24718814......985418de6dae7e9ce019/merged total 4 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 May 11 2019 bin -> usr/bin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Jan 14 05:48 dev drwxr-xr-x 51 root root 4096 Jan 14 05:49 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 May 11 2019 home ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... [root@srv ~]# buildah umount d6fc d6fc87b0b74ca5b96b30612477d355cbe89bc6f2dbdea49a59da3f251e6a7612

1.7 从当前容器创建一个镜像

[root@srv ~]# buildah commit d6fc snow:latest Getting image source signatures Copying blob 0683de282177 skipped: already exists Copying blob 5f70bf18a086 done Copying config 7de847e3ed done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 7de847e3edeb712448e66a7b5f29b1f5995d9a042d67ed4fe4b97de336efc930 [root@srv ~]# buildah images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE localhost/snow latest 7de847e3edeb 16 seconds ago 245 MB docker.io/library/centos latest 470671670cac 4 weeks ago 245 MB

1.8 将镜像上传至docker仓库

1) 上传镜像 [root@srv ~]# buildah images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE localhost/snow latest 7de847e3edeb 23 minutes ago 245 MB docker.io/library/centos latest 470671670cac 4 weeks ago 245 MB [root@srv ~]# buildah push localhost/snow:latest srv.1000cc.net:5000/snow:latest Getting image source signatures Copying blob 5f70bf18a086 done Copying blob 0683de282177 done Copying config 7de847e3ed done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures Successfully pushed //srv.1000cc.net:5000/snow:latest@sha256:0eeea......2f951e5

1.9 从空容器中创建一个自定义镜像

1) 创建一个空容器 [root@srv ~]# newcontainer=$(buildah from scratch) 2) 挂载空容器到本地系统 [root@srv ~]# scratchmnt=$(buildah mount $newcontainer) [root@srv ~]# echo $scratchmnt /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/26a1613ad7......d7f39138e283404/merged 3) 对空容器进行安装软件并设置 [root@srv ~]# yum -y install bash coreutils --releasever=7 --installroot=$scratchmnt 4) 卸载 [root@srv ~]# buildah umount $newcontainer 5) 测试容器运行 [root@srv ~]# buildah run $newcontainer bash bash-4.2# ls bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var bash-4.2# exit exit 6) 创建自定义镜像-镜像名为c7-mini.latest [root@srv ~]# buildah commit $newcontainer c7-mini:latest Getting image source signatures Copying blob 5afb193cdcaa done Copying config 438581fae8 done Writing manifest to image destination Storing signatures 438581fae852f651ea998dcab8b8e33da6e07267434cde509022e7c27081a21f [root@srv ~]# buildah images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE localhost/c7-mini latest 438581fae852 45 seconds ago 297 MB localhost/snow latest 7de847e3edeb 38 minutes ago 245 MB docker.io/library/centos latest 470671670cac 4 weeks ago 245 MB